

ENTITIES

Normal function

Aortic stenosis-senile

Aortic stenosis-bicuspid

Aortic regurgitation

Mitral stenosis

Mitral prolapse

Mitral flail

Mitral regurgitation

Valvular infection

Prosthetic valves

Cardiomyopathy

Ischemia-anterior

Ischemia-inferior

Ischemia-aneurysm

Post-infarct VSD

IHSS

Pericardial effusion

Masses

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Mitral valve prolapse

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Notes:

The mitral leaflet(s) dip-back into the left atrium during systole, billowing posterior to an imaginary line that could be drawn across the mitral annulus (see animation).
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